陆军弹药未来发展趋势

随着信息技术在陆军武器装备上的广泛运用，陆军弹药将呈现许多新的发展趋势，即研制超远程制导炮弹；开展软杀伤／新概念弹药技术的研究；发展复合作用和多用途弹药；采用系列化和模块化设计方法，实现一种弹药多平台携带和一弹携带多种弹药；发展性能更先进的灵巧炮弹；新型引信发展异常活跃，使弹药更加灵巧。一旦这些新弹药被应用于战场，将大大提高陆军部队的战力水平。     

四支板超声速引射器性能特性试验

对二维喷管构型的四支板超声速引射器进行冷流试验,分析启动、负载匹配方面的性能特性。试验结果表明:启动特性方面,四支板超声速引射系统的盲腔压力低于3 kPa,引射器入口腔压的迟滞压力比启动压力低15.9%。负载匹配特性方面,四支板引射器在小引射系数、大增压比状态下具有十分明显的优势,当引射系数为0.04时,增压比为11.21;当引射系数为0.10时,增压比为7.0。因此,二维喷管构型的多支板超声速引射器具有良好的启动、负载匹配性能,工程应用潜力较大。     

高一理科生化学自主学习现状的调查及对策研究——以石河子第一中学为例

“未来的文盲将不是目不识丁的人,而是不知道如何学习的人”.[1]学会学习是教育的重中之重,是每个人的必修课.本文分别从新课标的推动、社会的需要和学生的特点论述了高一理科生化学自主学习现状的现实意义,从学生自主学习意识和习惯、自主学习方法、影响自主学习因素和自我效能感找出高一理科生化学自主学习现状中存在的问题,并提出相应的对策.     

Nonperiodic preventive maintenance for repairable systems

As a complex system with multiple components usually deteriorates with age, preventive maintenance (PM) is often performed to keep the system functioning in a good state to prolong its effective age. In this study, a nonhomogeneous Poisson process with a power law failure intensity is used to describe the deterioration of a repairable system, and the optimal nonperiodic PM schedule can be determined to minimize the expected total cost per unit time. However, since the determination of such optimal PM policies may involve numerous uncertainties, which typically make the analyses difficult to perform because of the scarcity of data, a Bayesian decision model, which utilizes all available information effectively, is also proposed for determining the optimal PM strategies. A numerical example with a real failure data set is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results show that the optimal schedules derived by Bayesian approach are relatively more conservative than that for non‐Bayesian approach because of the uncertainty of the intensity function, and if the intensity function are updated using the collected data set, which indicates more severe deterioration than the prior belief, replacing the entire system instead of frequent PM activities before serious deterioration is suggested. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

基于条件熵的不完备信息系统属性约简算法

在相容关系下定义了三种不完备条件熵——H′条件熵、E′条件熵和I′条件熵,并对它们的性质进行了分析比较,研究发现,H′条件熵和I′条件熵不适用于相容关系下信息观点的约简。利用E′条件熵刻画信息系统中属性的相对重要性,设计了一种新的基于信息论观点的启发式约简算法,它统一了完备信息系统与非完备信息系统中的约简方法。通过实例说明,该算法能得到决策表的相对约简。     

Dynamic server assignment policies for assembly‐type queues with flexible servers

We seek dynamic server assignment policies in finite‐capacity queueing systems with flexible and collaborative servers, which involve an assembly and/or a disassembly operation. The objective is to maximize the steady‐state throughput. We completely characterize the optimal policy for a Markovian system with two servers, two feeder stations, and instantaneous assembly and disassembly operations. This optimal policy allocates one server per station unless one of the stations is blocked, in which case both servers work at the unblocked station. For Markovian systems with three stations and instantaneous assembly and/or disassembly operations, we consider similar policies that move a server away from his/her “primary” station only when that station is blocked or starving. We determine the optimal assignment of each server whose primary station is blocked or starving in systems with three stations and zero buffers, by formulating the problem as a Markov decision process. Using this optimal assignment, we develop heuristic policies for systems with three or more stations and positive buffers, and show by means of a numerical study that these policies provide near‐optimal throughput. Furthermore, our numerical study shows that these policies developed for assembly‐type systems also work well in tandem systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

信息化战场下军事指挥决策的人机交互技术与方式研究

人机交互环境是影响信息化战场下军事指挥决策能力与效率的一个重要因素。文章分析了未来信息化战场军事指挥决策面临的挑战，对军事指挥决策人机交互技术与方式的理论、技术与实践进行了深入探讨，研究了我军军事指挥决策人机交互技术与方式的发展思路和方向，提出了信息时代提升我军军事指挥决策能力的建议和对策。     

基于主观贝叶斯方法的装备故障概率分析

由于造成武器装备故障的环境因素以及装备自身结构特征的不同，导致装备发生故障的不确定性。本文讨论了基于主观贝叶斯方法的装备故障概率分析方法，旨在事先预测武器装备在执行任务过程中的故障概率，为合理制定装备保障方案提供辅助决策依据。     

大功率柔性互联设备的有功互济协调控制方法

针对以常规母联开关互联的交流电网线路变压器容量无法合理利用的问题,提出了依靠由背靠背电压源变流器组成的新型大功率柔性互联装置实现两侧交流电网有功功率互济的协调控制方法。介绍了新型柔性互联装置的拓扑结构与基本的控制原理,为实现两侧线路变压器容量合理的目标制定了一种生成有功功率参考的方法,并基于PSCAD/EMTDC搭建了一套仿真算例,对新型柔性互联装置的基本控制与所提出的有功互济的协调控制方法进行了验证。仿真结果表明,在柔性互联装置采用所提方法时能够实现两侧交流线路的有功功率互济,解决了线路变压器容量无法合理分配的问题。     

A dual criteria sequencing problem with earliness and tardiness penalties

We consider the problem of sequencing n jobs on a single machine, with each job having a processing time and a common due date. The common due date is assumed to be so large that all jobs can complete by the due date. It is known that there is an O(n log n)‐time algorithm for finding a schedule with minimum total earliness and tardiness. In this article, we consider finding a schedule with dual criteria. The primary goal is to minimize the total earliness and tardiness. The secondary goals are to minimize: (1) the maximum earliness and tardiness; (2) the sum of the maximum of the squares of earliness and tardiness; (3) the sum of the squares of earliness and tardiness. For the first two criteria, we show that the problems are NP‐hard and we give a fully polynomial time approximation scheme for both of them. For the last two criteria, we show that the ratio of the worst schedule versus the best schedule is no more than . © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 422–431, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10020